Diabetes substantially increases the risk of CHD. Men with non-insulin dependent (Type 2) diabetes have a two to fourfold greater annual risk of CHD, with an even higher (three to fivefold) risk in women with Type 2 diabetes.
Diabetes not only increases the risk of CHD but also magnifies the effect of other risk factors for CHD such as raised cholesterol levels, raised blood pressure, smoking and obesity. There are two main types of diabetes: Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes.
The recent INTERHEART case-control study estimated that 15% of heart attacks in Western Europe and 9% of heart attacks in Central and Eastern Europe are due to diagnosed diabetes, and that people with diagnosed diabetes are at three times the risk of a heart attack compared to those without.